Current VLC version no longer starts on Windows 10 Mobile devices (build 14393.448). There are similar reports in Store comments by other users. Previous 2.0.0.0 version worked.
EDIT uninstall and re-install from Store fixed it, the version remains the same: 2.0.0.0. I think I have seen this issue before, it happens if an app version is unchanged but set of supported devices (like Mobile, PC, XBox One, etc) is changed. Is it the case ?